Copper Bed Mercury Adsorber¶

DWSIM Plus

Available with a DWSIM Plus (Patreon) subscription.

Copper Bed Mercury Adsorber unit operation for DWSIM. Ports ───── Inlet 0 : Feed gas (may contain trace Mercury compound) Outlet 0 : Treated gas (Mercury reduced to outlet spec) Models ───── CapacityBased – vendor capacity + simple mass balance → bed lifetime WheelerJonas – Langmuir/Freundlich isotherm + Wheeler-Jonas breakthrough curve → C_out(bed age) The Hg compound (default name "Mercury") is identified in the stream by the configurable Config.HgCompoundName string. If that compound is absent from the stream, the user-specified inlet concentration is used instead and the outlet stream Hg composition is updated via mole-fraction scaling.

DWSIM.UnitOperations.CopperBedMercuryAdsorber.CopperBedMercuryAdsorberUnitOperation
Assembly DWSIM.UnitOperations.CopperBedMercuryAdsorber.dll · Object ← BaseClass ← UnitOpBaseClass ← CopperBedMercuryAdsorberUnitOperation

At a glance¶

Copper Bed Mercury Adsorber in the example flowsheet

Port	Index	Connected in the example
Inlet, material	`0`	Feed gas
Outlet, material	`0`	Treated gas

Example¶

This code runs on every build of this site, and the output below is what it printed.

Python

fs = (Flowsheet.Create("MercuryGuardBedExample")
      .WithCompounds("Methane", "Ethane", "Mercury")
      .WithPropertyPackage(PropertyPackages.PengRobinson))

# 1000 mol/s of gas is about 80 700 Nm3/h; 200 ug/Nm3 of Hg is a mole fraction of 2.2e-8.
gas = (fs.AddMaterialStream("Feed gas")
       .At(Q.Celsius(30.0), Q.Bar(60.0))
       .SetCompoundMolarFlow("Methane", 920.0)      # mol/s
       .SetCompoundMolarFlow("Ethane", 80.0)
       .SetCompoundMolarFlow("Mercury", 2.24e-5))
treated = fs.AddMaterialStream("Treated gas")

bed = (fs.AddCopperBedMercuryAdsorber("HgR-1")
       .WithOperationMode(CopperBedOperationMode.CapacityBased)
       .WithSorbentPreset(SorbentPreset.CuSOnAlumina)
       .WithMaxHgCapacityMgPerG(100.0)                 # vendor rating
       .ConnectFeed(gas)
       .ConnectProduct(treated))
cfg = bed.Config
cfg.Bed.SorbentMass = 10000.0                          # kg
cfg.Bed.VesselDiameter = 2.4                           # m
cfg.Bed.BedLength = 3.2                                # m
cfg.BreakthroughConcentrationNm3 = 0.01                # ug/Nm3 outlet specification

fs.AutoLayout()
fs.Solve()

r = bed.Object.Results
print(f"Gas flow            = {r.StandardVolumetricFlowNm3h:.0f} Nm3/h")
print(f"Inlet Hg            = {r.InletHgConcentrationNm3:.1f} ug/Nm3")
print(f"Outlet Hg           = {r.OutletHgConcentrationNm3:.3f} ug/Nm3 ({r.HgRemovalEfficiency * 100:.2f} % removed)")
print(f"Hg removed          = {r.HgRemovedMassFlow * 3600 / 1e6:.2f} g/h")   # HgRemovedMassFlow is in ug/s
print(f"Bed capacity        = {r.TotalBedCapacityKg:.1f} kg Hg")
print(f"Bed lifetime        = {r.BedLifetimeSeconds / 3.156e7:.1f} years")
print(f"Bed pressure drop   = {r.PressureDrop / 1000:.2f} kPa")

Output

Gas flow            = 80690 Nm3/h
Inlet Hg            = 200.5 ug/Nm3
Outlet Hg           = 0.010 ug/Nm3 (100.00 % removed)
Hg removed          = 16.17 g/h
Bed capacity        = 1000.0 kg Hg
Bed lifetime        = 7.1 years
Bed pressure drop   = 8.82 kPa

DWSIM 10.2.11.0, generated 2026-10-08.

Properties¶

IDs accepted by GetPropertyValue, SetPropertyValue, the sensitivity analysis, the optimizer, the Adjust block and dynamic events. Units are SI; pass another unit system to GetPropertyValue to get them converted.

ID	Unit (SI)	Input
`Operation Mode`		yes
`Sorbent Preset`		yes
`Isotherm Model`		yes
`Sorbent Mass`	kg	yes
`Bulk Density`	kg/m3	yes
`Void Fraction`		yes
`Vessel Diameter`	mm	yes
`Bed Length`	mm	yes
`Particle Diameter`	mm	yes
`Particle Sphericity`		yes
`Max Hg Capacity`	mg Hg/g	yes
`Langmuir qSat`	mol/kg	yes
`Langmuir b0`	1/Pa	yes
`Langmuir dH`	J/mol	yes
`Freundlich KF`	mol/(kg.Pa^(1/nF))	yes
`Freundlich nF`		yes
`Wheeler-Jonas kv`	1/s	yes
`Bed Age`	h	yes
`Use Inlet Temperature`		yes
`Operating Temperature`	K	yes
`Use Stream Hg Concentration`		yes
`Inlet Hg Concentration (Nm3)`	µg/Nm³	yes
`Breakthrough Concentration (Nm3)`	µg/Nm³	yes
`Hg Compound Name`		yes
`Inlet Hg Concentration`	µg/Nm³	result
`Outlet Hg Concentration`	µg/Nm³	result
`Hg Removal Efficiency`	%	result
`Hg Removed Mass Flow`	kg/s	result
`Bed Lifetime`	days	result
`Bed Saturation`	%	result
`Equilibrium Capacity`	mg Hg/g	result
`Total Bed Capacity`	g Hg	result
`Feed Molar Flow`	mol/s	result
`Gas Volumetric Flow (Nm3h)`	Nm³/h	result
`Pressure Drop`	Pa	result

Learn more¶

User guide
- Copper Bed Mercury Adsorber
FluentAPI
- Plus.CopperBedMercuryAdsorberBuilder

API members¶

Public members declared by this class. Inherited members are documented on the base classes.

Constructors¶

CopperBedMercuryAdsorberUnitOperation()

C#VB.NET

public CopperBedMercuryAdsorberUnitOperation()

Public Sub New()

Properties¶

ComponentDescription: Gets or sets the CAPE-OPEN component description for this unit operation.

Gets or sets the CAPE-OPEN component description for this unit operation.

C#VB.NET

public override string ComponentDescription { get; set; }

Public Overrides Property ComponentDescription As String

Config: Gets or sets the input configuration: operation mode (capacity-based or Wheeler-Jonas), sorbent preset, mercury...

Gets or sets the input configuration: operation mode (capacity-based or Wheeler-Jonas), sorbent preset, mercury isotherm model, bed geometry and the name of the mercury compound in the stream.

C#VB.NET

public CopperBedConfiguration Config { get; set; }

Public Property Config As CopperBedConfiguration

IsPremium: Gets a value indicating that this unit operation is listed in the Premium group of the object palette (always true).

Gets a value indicating that this unit operation is listed in the Premium group of the object palette (always true).

C#VB.NET

public bool IsPremium { get; }

Public ReadOnly Property IsPremium As Boolean

MobileCompatible: Gets a value indicating whether this unit operation is compatible with mobile interfaces (always false).

Gets a value indicating whether this unit operation is compatible with mobile interfaces (always false).

C#VB.NET

public override bool MobileCompatible { get; }

Public Overrides ReadOnly Property MobileCompatible As Boolean

ObjectClass: Gets the simulation object class category (separators).

Gets the simulation object class category (separators).

C#VB.NET

public override SimulationObjectClass ObjectClass { get; }

Public Overrides Property ObjectClass As SimulationObjectClass

Prefix: Gets the default name prefix for this unit operation ('HGA-').

Gets the default name prefix for this unit operation ("HGA-").

C#VB.NET

public string Prefix { get; }

Public ReadOnly Property Prefix As String

Methods¶

Calculate(object): Calculates the object.

Calculates the object.

Parameter	Type	Description
`args`	`Object`

C#VB.NET

public override void Calculate(object args = null)

Public Overrides Sub Calculate(args As Object = Nothing)

CloneXML(): Creates a deep copy of this object by round-tripping through XML serialization.

Creates a deep copy of this object by round-tripping through XML serialization.

C#VB.NET

public override object CloneXML()

Public Overrides Function CloneXML() As Object

CloseEditForm(): Closes the editor of this object, if it is open.

Closes the editor of this object, if it is open.

C#VB.NET

public override void CloseEditForm()

Public Overrides Sub CloseEditForm()

CreateConnectors(): Creates the graphic connector definitions on the flowsheet: one feed gas inlet on the left and one treated gas...

Creates the graphic connector definitions on the flowsheet: one feed gas inlet on the left and one treated gas outlet on the right. The energy connector is disabled.

C#VB.NET

public void CreateConnectors()

Public Sub CreateConnectors()

DeCalculate(): Decalculates the object.

Decalculates the object.

C#VB.NET

public override void DeCalculate()

Public Overrides Sub DeCalculate()

DisplayEditForm(): Opens the editor of this object.

Opens the editor of this object. A host that has no editor for it does nothing.

C#VB.NET

public override void DisplayEditForm()

Public Overrides Sub DisplayEditForm()

Draw(object): Draws the unit operation on the given SkiaSharp canvas: the embedded photo in photorealistic mode (draw mode 2)...

Draws the unit operation on the given SkiaSharp canvas: the embedded photo in photorealistic mode (draw mode 2), otherwise the vector icon.

Parameter	Type	Description
`g`	`Object`	The SkiaSharp canvas.

C#VB.NET

public void Draw(object g)

Public Sub Draw(g As Object)

GetChartModel(string): Builds an OxyPlot model of the outlet-to-inlet mercury concentration ratio against bed age, from the breakthrough...

Builds an OxyPlot model of the outlet-to-inlet mercury concentration ratio against bed age, from the breakthrough time and the mass-transfer coefficient of the last calculation.

Parameter	Type	Description
`name`	`String`

C#VB.NET

public override object GetChartModel(string name)

Public Overrides Function GetChartModel(name As String) As Object

GetChartModelNames(): Chart names the PFD chart object can embed.

Chart names the PFD chart object can embed.

C#VB.NET

public override List<string> GetChartModelNames()

Public Overrides Function GetChartModelNames() As List(Of String)

GetDisplayDescription(): Returns the description string for this unit operation type.

Returns the description string for this unit operation type.

C#VB.NET

public override string GetDisplayDescription()

Public Overrides Function GetDisplayDescription() As String

GetDisplayName(): Returns the display name for this unit operation type.

Returns the display name for this unit operation type.

C#VB.NET

public override string GetDisplayName()

Public Overrides Function GetDisplayName() As String

GetIconBitmapBytes(): Returns the raw bytes of the icon image for this unit operation.

Returns the raw bytes of the icon image for this unit operation.

C#VB.NET

public override byte[] GetIconBitmapBytes()

Public Overrides Function GetIconBitmapBytes() As Byte()

GetPreferredGraphicObjectHeight(): Returns the preferred height of the flowsheet graphic object, in pixels.

Returns the preferred height of the flowsheet graphic object, in pixels.

C#VB.NET

public override double GetPreferredGraphicObjectHeight()

Public Overrides Function GetPreferredGraphicObjectHeight() As Double

GetPreferredGraphicObjectWidth(): Returns the preferred width of the flowsheet graphic object, in pixels.

Returns the preferred width of the flowsheet graphic object, in pixels.

C#VB.NET

public override double GetPreferredGraphicObjectWidth()

Public Overrides Function GetPreferredGraphicObjectWidth() As Double

GetProperties(PropertyType): Get a list of all properties of the object.

Get a list of all properties of the object.

Parameter	Type	Description
`proptype`	`PropertyType`	Type of the property.

C#VB.NET

public override string[] GetProperties(PropertyType proptype)

Public Overrides Function GetProperties(proptype As PropertyType) As String()

GetPropertyUnit(string, IUnitsOfMeasure): Gets the units of a property.

Gets the units of a property.

Parameter	Type	Description
`prop`	`String`	Property identifier.
`su`	`IUnitsOfMeasure`	Units system to use. Null to use the default (SI) system.

C#VB.NET

public override string GetPropertyUnit(string prop, IUnitsOfMeasure su)

Public Overrides Function GetPropertyUnit(prop As String, su As IUnitsOfMeasure) As String

GetPropertyValue(string, IUnitsOfMeasure): Returns the value of a named property, converting from SI to the current unit system.

Returns the value of a named property, converting from SI to the current unit system. Falls back to extra properties if the property is not found in the base implementation.

Parameter	Type	Description
`prop`	`String`	The property identifier string.
`su`	`IUnitsOfMeasure`	Optional units-of-measure system used for conversion; uses the shared SI system when `Nothing`.

C#VB.NET

public override object GetPropertyValue(string prop, IUnitsOfMeasure su)

Public Overrides Function GetPropertyValue(prop As String, su As IUnitsOfMeasure) As Object

LoadData(List<XElement>): Restores the unit operation state from a list of XML elements previously produced by SaveData.

Restores the unit operation state from a list of XML elements previously produced by SaveData.

Parameter	Type	Description
`data`	`List<XElement>`	The list of `XElement` objects containing serialized state.

C#VB.NET

public override bool LoadData(List<XElement> data)

Public Overrides Function LoadData(data As List(Of XElement)) As Boolean

PopulateEditorPanel(object): Populates the cross-platform (Avalonia) editor panel with controls.

Populates the cross-platform (Avalonia) editor panel with controls.

Parameter	Type	Description
`ctner`	`Object`	The editor panel (layout container) to populate.

C#VB.NET

public void PopulateEditorPanel(object ctner)

Public Sub PopulateEditorPanel(ctner As Object)

ReturnInstance(string): Creates and returns a new instance for deserialization.

Creates and returns a new instance for deserialization.

Parameter	Type	Description
`typename`	`String`	The type name to instantiate.

C#VB.NET

public object ReturnInstance(string typename)

Public Function ReturnInstance(typename As String) As Object

SaveData(): Serializes the unit operation state to a list of XML elements for persistence.

Serializes the unit operation state to a list of XML elements for persistence.

C#VB.NET

public override List<XElement> SaveData()

Public Overrides Function SaveData() As List(Of XElement)

SetPropertyValue(string, object, IUnitsOfMeasure): Sets the value of a property.

Sets the value of a property.

Parameter	Type	Description
`prop`	`String`	Property identifier.
`propval`	`Object`	Property value to set at the specified units.
`su`	`IUnitsOfMeasure`	Units system to use. Null to use the default (SI) system.

C#VB.NET

public override bool SetPropertyValue(string prop, object propval, IUnitsOfMeasure su)

Public Overrides Function SetPropertyValue(prop As String, propval As Object, su As IUnitsOfMeasure) As Boolean

UpdateEditForm(): Redraws the editor of this object with the current values, if it is open.

Redraws the editor of this object with the current values, if it is open.

C#VB.NET

public override void UpdateEditForm()

Public Overrides Sub UpdateEditForm()

Fields¶

_editorForm: The classic (WinForms) editor window open for this unit operation, if any.

The classic (WinForms) editor window open for this unit operation, if any. Not saved with the flowsheet.

C#VB.NET

public FormEditorCopperBedAdsorber _editorForm

Public _editorForm As FormEditorCopperBedAdsorber